Liaquat Ali Cheema, Tariq Ashraf, Ishtiaq Rasool, Hamid Ali Tirmizey.
Gender comparison of coronary risk factors and clinical presentation in young Pakistani patients with coronary artery lesions
Pak J Cardiol Jul - Dec 2006;17(2-3):60-9.
National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi

Objective: This cross-sectional study was designed to compare the gender prevalence of coronary risk factors and clinical presentation in young Pakistani patients with coronary artery lesions for defining high risk groups. Methods: A series of 120 consecutive patients (60 females/60 males) 50 years or less of age, with significant coronary artery lesions, were compared in different clinical subsets and coronary risk factors at National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi. Results: The mean age of female patients was 45 ± 5.8 years and male patients 44 ± 5.9 years. On gender comparison: Significantly higher percentage of females presented with unstable angina and functional class III while males presented with post myocardial infarction angina, stable angina and functional class II. Diabetes mellitus was more common in females while smoking and dyslipidemia in males. Females with unstable angina had higher percentage of single vessel disease and isolated left circumflex disease while males presented with post myocardial infarction angina and greater percentage of right coronary artery lesion. Single and double vessel disease was significantly high in diabetic females compared to diabetic males. In males high serum cholesterol were associated with single vessel disease. Triple vessel disease was more common in hypertensive females and in males with family history of coronary artery disease. Within diabetics, multi-vessel disease was more common than single vessel disease. Single vessel disease was higher in non-diabetics. However, non-diabetic males had higher percentage of both single and double vessel disease has a trend for proximal lesions. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus increases possibility of multi-vessel disease in both genders. Hypertension in females while high serum cholesterol and family history of coronary artery disease in males had significantly higher percentage of multi-vessel disease compared with their gender counterpart. Smoking was not a risk factor in females in the study population.

Category: Cardiology
Keywords: Ischemic Heart Disease. Diabetes Mellitus.

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