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Scientists MAPED Epigenome of Stem cells

Scientists MAPED Epigenome of Stem cells
This detailed map display that how human genome altered during the development processes from embryonic stem cells to mature cells.
The study, titled “Dynamic changes in the human methylome during differentiation,” was published in Genome Research
In this study scientists mapped a major component of the epigenome, DNA methylation, for the entire sequence of human DNA, and went further by comparing three types of cells that represented three stages of human development:
• Human embryonic stem cells,
• Human embryonic stem cells that were differentiated into skin-like cells, and
• Cells derived from skin
DNA methylation causes precise subunits of DNA to be chemically changed, which directs which areas of the genome are active and which ones are inactive. This process is critical to embryonic cells transformation from pluripotent stem cells to differentiated ones.
Epigentic study is very important because it tell us which part of genome is active in different type of cells and active genome will be different in nerve cells and skin cells and this makes the nerve cells and a nerve cell and skin cell as skin cell.
The researchers collected data on the methylation of three billion base pairs of DNA, which made it possible to classify unidentified patterns of DNA methylation. They distinguished cases where DNA methylation enhanced, rather than suppressed, the activity of the surrounding DNA, and discovered evidence to infer a role for DNA methylation in the regulation of mRNA splicing.
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