Malik Anas Rabbani, Syed Mansoor Ahmed Shah, Aasim Ahmad.
Sjogren`s Syndrome: Clinical and Immunological Features.
J Coll Physicians Surg Pak Jan ;10(11):412-15.

A retrospective study of cases of Sjogren`s syndrome (SS) diagnosed at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, during the last 10 years was conducted to find out clinical and immunological features of SS as well as to establish whether patients with more systemic features have a condition distinct from those with purely ocular or oral symptoms. Using European criteria of diagnosis, 13 cases of both primary and secondary SS were reviewed retrospectively. The cases were classified into autoantibody positive (ANA /RA and/or Ro/La positive) and autoantibody negative (ANA/RA and/or Ro/La negative) groups. Various clinical presentations and complications in individual groups were analyzed. Of the total 13 patients that fulfilled European criteria for diagnosis, 38% were primary and 62% cases were of secondary SS. Among primary cases, 60% were autoantibody positive and 40% negative. Similarly, 87.5% were autoantibody positive and 12.5% negative in secondary SS. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was the commonest connective tissue disorder associated with secondary cases. Hypothyroidism was the single most common associated organ specific autoimmune disorder. Besides dry mouth, dry eyes and parotid swelling, anemia polyarthritis and Raynaud`s phenomenon were the commonest clinical presentations. Seronegative cases of primary SS (ANA, RA, Ro/La -ve) did not develop any systemic features or connective tissue (CT) disorder, whereas autoantibody positive cases had the highest rate of complications.

PakMediNet -Pakistan's largest Database of Pakistani Medical Journals - http://www.pakmedinet.com