Ahmad Fawad, Muhammad Hafizullah, Adnan M Gul, Hikmatullah Jan.
Are prisoners more exposed to cardiovascular diseases? findings from Peshawar Heart study.
J Med Sci Jan ;19(2):74-7.

Objectives: To find out frequency of various risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in prisoners. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive study involving prisoners of Central Jail Peshawar recruited in Peshawar Heart Study (PHS). All participants were interviewed in detail including family history, past medical history, smoking history and medications history. Dietary habits were explored. All participant’s pulse, blood pressure, BMI and waist hip ratio was determined. Their random blood sugar and total cholesterol was checked. Twelve lead ECG was recorded. Data was analyzed for CVD risk factors. Results: Total of 166 prisoners were screened and interviewed .Mean age was 55.64 years + 16.40 SD. Prisoners with sedentary life style were 119 (71.7%). Active smokers were 36 (21.7%). Naswar was consumed by 47 (28.3%). Mean BMI was 26.52 + 4.59 SD. Abnormal waist to hip ratio (> 0.9) was observed in 100(60%) prisoners. Mean systolic BP was 136.8 mm Hg + 22.91SD while mean diastolic BP was 87.77 mm Hg + 11.93 SD. Mean random blood cholesterol was 178.91 mg/dl + 29.12 SD. Mean random blood sugar was 135 mg/dl + 4.93 SD. Conclusion: We found that risk factors for cardiovascular diseases like sedentary life style, smoking, obesity and hypertension are quite frequent in this group.

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