Qamar Ali Khan, Hamid Iqbal, Habibur Rehman.
Pattern of neonatal diseases in Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar.
Pak Paed J Jan ;35(3):149-53.

Objective: To document the number, disease pattern and outcome of patients admitted to Neonatal Unit. Study Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Neonatal Unit of Department of Child Health, Peshawar, Pakistan from 1st January 2009 to 31st December 2009. Material and Methods: The data of all Neonatal admission was recorded and analyzed for age, weight, sex, duration of stay, cause of admission and outcome. Results: A total of 3203 neonates were admitted from 01-01-2009 to 31-12-2009. Out of these 2142 (66.87%) were male and 1061 (33.1%). were females. Full term babies were 20414 (75.43%) and premature low birth weight were 787 (24.57%) of the total admissions. Neonatal jaundice, neonatal sepsis, prematurity/ low birth weight and birth asphyxia (HIE) were the main causes of neonatal admissions to the SCBU. Neonatal jaundice accounted 799 (24.9%) of the total admission to the unit. Neonatal infections were the next most common cause of admission 790 (24.66%), followed by birth asphaxia contributed 676 (24.7%). Other causes responsible for admission to our neonatal unit were infants of diabetic mother 14 (0.43%) congenital heart diseases 12 (0.37%), meningitis 18 (0.56%), pneumonia 50 (1.56%), dysmorphic features 10 (0.31%), congenital hypothyroidism 02 (0.31%), surgical cases 25 (0.78%) Criglar Najar syndrome 02 (0.06 %). Out of total admission 2717(84.82%) were discharged. and 473(14%) expired. There were 292(9.1%) males and 181(5.6%) female. The common cause of death was birth asphyxia 148 (21.89%) and prematurity 141 (17.9%), while sepsis 126 (15.4%) and jaundice 47 (5.88% were the other common causes. Most of the babies 1909 (59.6%) were referred from KTH obstetric ward labor room and operation theatre while 509(15.8%) were referred from other hospitals / private maternity and 785 (24.5%) were referred from other hospitals/private maternity homes and 785 (24.5%) were home deliveries. Discharge on will was 31 (0.96%) and leave against medical advice was in 16 (0.49%). Large number of the babies i.e. 1420 (44.2%) were admitted in first 24 hours of birth. Conclusion: Birth asphyxia, Low birth weight (LBW), neonatal sepsis were the major causes of neonatal admission.

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