Abdul Wahid Jan, Hanifullah Khan, Ishtiaq Ahmad, Matiullah Khan.
Diabetic foot ulcer; risk factors stratification in patients. a study of 150 patients.
Professional Med J Jan ;23(06):693-8.

Objectives: To determine the risk factors contributing to the development of diabetic foot ulcers. Study Design: A descriptive observational study. Setting: Unit of surgery, City Hospital Lakki Marwat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Period: 1st July 2013 to 30th June 2015. Patients and Material: One hundred and fifty diabetic patients with foot ulcer were studied. After taking informed consent, detailed history, clinical examination and relevant investigations were performed according to a devised proforma. All the proformas were analyzed in the end of study. Results: One hundred and fifty patients comprising 95 male and 55 female were studied. The average diabetic duration was 11 years. HbA1c was more than 8% in 98 (65.3%) patients. Peripheral neuropathy was present in 60 patients (40%), peripheral vascular disease in 80 patients (53.3%), neuro-ischemic ulcers in 45 patients (30%), hypertension in 70 patients (46.6%), Ischemic heart disease in 20%, Dyslipidemia in 50%, foot deformity in 42% and accidental/ foot wear trauma in 44%. Conclusion: Foot ulcer in diabetes results from multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms. Implementation of strategies for prevention, early detection, and appropriate treatment at the primary health care level are urgently needed.

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