Hira Aziz, Fauzia Naz.
Effects of alcohol; cognitive disturbances, pessimism, depressive symptoms and psychological maladjustment among alcoholics.
Professional Med J Jan ;23(06):680-6.

Objectives: The present study examined the effects of alcohol consumption on cognitive failures, depressive symptoms, pessimism and psychological maladjustment among alcoholics. The research further explored predictive relationship between cognitive disturbances, depressive symptoms, pessimism and psychological maladjustment in alcoholics. Study Design: Between-groups correlational research design. Settings: Lahore city. Method: A sample of 33 men and 4 women (age: 20-60 years) who were addicted to alcohol were recruited. Equal number of comparison group who do not use alcohol, matched on age, gender and socioeconomic status were recruited. Cognitive Failure Questionnaire1 , Personality Assessment Questionnaire2 , Life Orientation Test3 and Centre for Epidemiological Scale for Depression Scale4 were used as assessment measures. Results: Results of the study showed that alcoholics had higher scores on cognitive failures, depressive symptoms, pessimism and psychological maladjustments as compare to the non-alcoholics. There was a significant predictive relationship between cognitive failures, pessimism, depressive symptoms and psychological maladjustment. Results of AMOS show model fit with cognitive failure, depressive symptoms and pessimism as significant predictors of different dimensions of psychological maladjustment among alcoholics.

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