Liaqat Ali, Muhammad Ali Khan, Sajid Maqbool.
Hearing impairment in an outreach area.
Pak Paed J Jan ;26(2):55-61.

The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors as well as type and degree of hearing impairment in children in an outreach rural/urban area (i.e. Tehsil Gojra, District. TobaTake Singh.) Each child was allowed to sit comfortably on a chair and both ears were examined with otoscope to see the tympanic membrane. In the same sitting position, tympanometry was done by inserting probe in the ear canal with A-750 admittance meter and tympanograms obtained. Pure tone audiometry was done, by using method of limits, with A- 460 audiometer. Each child was presented with a tone of maximum level i.e. 120 dBHL at 1000 Hz in each test ear and then decreased in 10dB steps to inaudibility to find out the single hearing level at which the response was obtained three times. Results: 35.53% had family history of hearing impairment, 22.36% had no obvious etiology, 15.79% with infections, 10.53% with convulsions, 6.57% with otitis media effusion and 3.95% with use of ototoxic drugs.

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