Doulat Rai, Wahid Z, Zaidi A N.
Cutaneous manifestations of Thyroid Disease.
J Pak Assoc Derma Jan ;10(3):8-11.

A clinical and prospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence and pattern of cutaneous manifestations of thyroid disease. Out of 100 patients examined, 61 were of hyperthyroidism and 31 were hypothyroid. The common cutaneous manifestations of hyperthyroidism were; loss of weight (90%) and anaemia (85.3%) followed by increased temperature, hair loss, onycholysis, soft velvety skin, pruritus, urticaria, diffuse pigmentation, telangiectasia and purpura. Exophthalmos was present in 98.68% of cases. The other associated diseases were vitiligo, alopecia areata and mucocutaneous candidiasis. In hypothyroidism the most common finding was coarse, rough and dry skin (90%), anaemia (79.45%), followed by hair loss, rough brittle nails, periorbital puffiness, cool skin and eczema craquele. Xanthelasma palpebrum was found in 5.12% of cases. Pallor in hypothyroidism, anaemia, nail changes and diffuse hair loss in hyperthyroidism had much higher incidence in our study. The age of thyroid disorders were also seen at a younger age in comparison with the other studies.

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