Sadaf Durrani, Ubaid-ur Rahman, Ubaidullah, Sobia Ali, Mudassir Ahmad Khan, Saif-ur Rahman Wazir.
Novel Risk Factors For Coronary Heart Disease In Type II Diabetes Mellitus.
J Med Sci Jan ;25(2):195-9.

Objective: To evaluate adiponectin, a novel biomarker, and other known cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetic subjects belonging to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted in Bio-Chemistry Department Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan from January 2016 to December 2016, the participants were randomly selected from the OPDs of three tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar. The study comprised of two groups. Group A contained 60 type 2 diabetic subjects having coronary heart disease and group B consisted of healthy control. Detailed history of all participants was recorded on a questionnaire including their blood pressure and body mass index. Fasting blood samples were collected and were analyzed for serum adiponectin level, glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar and fasting lipid profile including cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein. Analysis of the data was done with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 19. Results: Patients who had type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease were found to have low adiponectin (3.2±1.1 vs. 11.7±2.6, P=<0.01) and high density lipoprotein (33.05±8.6 vs. 42.86±9.4, p=<0.01)) and significantly high levels of fasting blood glucose (198.1±106.7 vs. 90.5±15.7, p=<0.01), glycosylated hemoglobin (8.7±1.5 vs. 5.1±0.3, p=<0.01), total cholesterol (218.6±44.02 vs. 195.8±30.3), triglycerides (235.1±66.7 vs. 200.86±64.2) and low density lipoprotein (136.5±42.3 vs. 112.02±29.5). Moreover; they were mostly males and were of increased age group (60.6±9.7 vs. 46±5.3). All known risk factors of CHD such as use of tobacco, alcohol, physical inactivity, hypertension, genetic history of diabetes and coronary heart disease were present in higher percentage in diabetics having coronary heart disease than the healthy control group. Conclusion: Marked hypoadiponectinemia, and traditional risk factors such as poor glycemic control and dyslipidemia are present in diabetic subjects having coronary heart disease.

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