Mubeena Laghari, Fouzia Shaikh, Shazia Murtaza.
Pediatric Urolithiasis; Evaluating Biochemistry of Pediatric Urolithiasis.
Professional Med J Jan ;25(7):1129-33.

Objectives: To determine the biochemical composition and biochemical types of childhood urolithiasis. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration: Pediatric Surgery Department, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, and University of Sindh, Jamshoro over one year. Subjects & Methods: 30 pediatric cases urinary bladder urolithiasis were selected. Children of age few of ten years were selected. Any contamination form bladder stone was removed by washing them in distilled deionized water. Stones were dried for an overnight in an oven at temperature of 100 0 C. Dried stones were smashed into pieces. Biochemical analysis was performed by the FTIR spectroscopy (Nicolet Avatar 330 FTIR spectrophotometer). Results were analyzed on the software SPSS 22.0 (95% confidence interval). Results: Mean age was 4.83 years (SD 2.81 years). Of 30 children, 80% (n=24) were male and 20% (n=6) were female children. Male to female ratio of 4:1 was noted. 16.6% (n=5) were pure stone and 83.3% (n=25) were mixed stones. (P=0.0001). Biochemical analysis showed the calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM)-ammonium hydrogen urate (AHU) was the most common urinary bladder stone. Conclusions: The pediatric urolithiasis shows the most common type of urinary bladder stone was the calcium oxalate monohydrate?ammonium hydrogen urate.

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