Khola Ahmed Khan, Ahmad Waqas Javed, Mariyah Javed.
Correlation of Smoking and Betel Nut with the Effect of Survivin Expression in Oral Submucous Fibrosis in Local Population.
J Pak Dent Assoc Jan ;24(3):121-8.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to observe the expression of survivin in buccal mucosa of oral submucous fibrosis in betel nut and tobacco users. METHODOLOGY: Forty patients were evaluated as per inclusion and exclusion criteria and informed consent was taken. Diagnosed Oral Submucous fibrosis patients inclusive of all age groups and both gender were included. Punch biopsy was performed under local anesthesia, and the sample size measuring 5mm was taken from the buccal mucosa. Tissue specimens were fixed and after tissue processing, staining with Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) along with immunohistochemistry (IHC) was done. RESULTS: Chi-square test was applied to observe the relation between immunoreactive score (IRS) score and Age groups, suggesting significant relation showing the value (p=.031). Relation between IRS levels and gender, suggesting no significant relation (p=0.243) Also insignificant association with respect to IRS and duration of smoking (p=0.155) was seen. Association between IRS and frequency of smoking daily (p=0.276) and IRS and the frequency of betel nut use (p=0.101) suggested insignificant results. However significant relation was seen between IRS levels and duration of betel nut usage (p=0.027). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data was entered in statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version 20) and all quantitative and qualitative variables were analyzed by using the software. Chi square test was applied to observe the association of age and gender with tobacco and betal nut chewing by observing the expression of survivin. CONCLUSION: The purpose of an early diagnosis of OSF provides good quality of life to the patient by improving oral hygiene and oral intake quality and at the same time to obtain a sufficient mouth opening. The results showed that those who had history of betal nut chewing are more prone to malignant transformation.

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