Saleh Muhammad.
Cutaneous manifestations of Thyrotoxicosis in 100 hospital admitted cases.
J Pak Assoc Derma Jan ;13(1):17-20.

Background: Thyrotoxicosis is a multisystem endocrine disorder affecting skin and subcutaneous tissue, as well. Cutaneous changes occur quite frequently in the disease. Patients and methods: A hospital-based, cross-sectional study, comprising of observation and description of cutaneous manifestations of 100 diagnosed cases of thyrotoxicosis of any age and either sex, was conducted from November, 1991 to April, 1993. Out of 100 patients, 90 were females and 10 males (F:M=9:1) and the majority belonged to 21-50 years age group. Results: Dermatological abnormalities were observed in 84% of patients. Commonly observed manifestations in thyrotoxicosis were palmoplantar hyperhidrosis (68%) and raised skin temperature (64%). Other cutaneous findings included generalized hyperhidrosis (42%), melasma (42%), diffuse hyperpigmentation (36%), generalized pruritus (26%), palmar erythema (18%), pitting edema (9%), and pretibial myxedema (4%) patients. Hair and nail changes were observed in 48% and 11% patients, respectively. Other associated autoimmune diseases seen were urticaria (22%) and vitiligo (1%). Conclusion: Considering the high frequency of cutaneous changes, a meticulous examination of skin and appendages is mandatory in all patients with thyotoxicosis.

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