Amber Kiyani, Beenish Khalil Rana, Kanwal Sohail.
Oral Symptoms during Pre-menstrual Syndrome, a Cross-Sectional study in Women of Twin Cities, Pakistan.
Foundation Uni J Dent Jan ;3(1):9-14.

Objective: Distressing behavioural, physical and psychological symptoms occurring before the onset of menstruation in the absence of pathological disease are referred to as premenstrual syndrome (PMS). While a handful of studies have documented ulceration, hypo salivation, taste alterations and gingivitis as oral symptoms associated with PMS, the literature is generally deficient in this regard. Therefore, this investigation aimed to document oral symptoms present during the premenstrual phase in the Pakistani female population. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 435 consenting females who were recruited through convenience sampling to provide information about their age, regularity of their menstrual cycle and presence of unusual oral symptoms. Data was entered and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics, Version 22.0. Chi-square test, Phi and Cramer's V were applied to determine statistical associations between age groups, menstrual patterns and the presence of oral symptoms. Results: Fifty-one (11.7%) participants suffered from a burning sensation, 74 (17%) experienced a tingling sensation, 110 (25.3%) had taste alteration, 130 (29.9%) complained about hypo salivation while 14 (3.2%)reported hypersalivation.80 (18.4%) individuals reported a feeling of swelling in the mouth and 11 (2.5%)had gingivitis. No significant association was found between the irregularity of the menstrual pattern and the oral symptoms, while a weak association was found between the age groups, salivary flow rate and a feeling of swelling. Conclusion: Taste alterations, hypo salivation, feeling of swelling, tingling and burning sensations were the commonly reported oral symptoms. Age appears to have a weak association with the presence of some oral symptoms.

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