Shami S A, Samina Jalali.
Consanguinity; genetic epidemiology and environmental factors in cardiovascular diseases.
Ann Pak Inst Med Sci Jan ;2(3):171-5.

The data for cardiovascular diseases was collected from Federal Government Services Hospital. Islamabad and Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences. Islamabad by interviewing the patients. The study is based on 500 cardiovascular disease patients. Male patients significantly outnumber the female patients (P<0.001). The mean age of the patients was 48.33+0.69 years. The majority of parental marriages contracted were of first cousin relations (48.80%). Coefficient of inbreeding (F) for the patients was 0.030 which is higher than that of general population (F=0.0254). The highest percentage of patients (48.85%) comes from first degree relatives. There is strong association of offspring coming from close relative marriages with cardiovascular diseases compared to controls (P=0.006). Body mass index of over weights and obese patients ranged between 25.0 to >30.0 kg/m2. There is strong association of smoking habit with cardiovascular disease (P<0.001). These diseases are prevalent among patients occupying low paid jobs with education up to higher secondary school level.

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