Ahmad Ali, Pervaiz Anjum, Syed Mujahid Humail, Mushtaq A Qureshi.
Results of interlocking nail in tibial DIAP seal fractures.
J Pak Orthop Assoc Jan ;21(2):36-44.

Objective: To evaluate the result of interlocking intramedullary nailing in diaphyseal fractures of tibia in relation to postoperative immobilization period and time for bony union. Design: Prospective study. Setting & Period:- Department of orthopedic surgery of Civil Hospital and Lyari General Hospital (Dow University of Health Sciences) Karachi during period of 2000-2005. Patient & Material:-All patients admitted through OPD and emergency department of this Institute. The study based on one hundred eleven patient including male and female having tibial diaphyseal fractures of different age. After thorough examination and investigations they were operated accordingly. Result:- Out of one hundred eleven, eighty nine (80.18%) followed for period of two years other lost to follow-up. The mean time of union in closed & Gustilo type I of tibial fracture was 16.4 + 2.13 weeks (13 to 19 weeks). Delayed union was noticed in 3.6% and non-union in 1.12% of cases. Conclusion:- From this study, we concluded that this technique is advantageous because of early mobilization (early weight bearing), normal Anatomical alignment and less complications.

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