Zahidullah Khan, Bughdad Khan, Iqbal Hiader, Inamullah Khan, Jamalud Din, Hamza Khan, Sadiqur Rehaman.
Etiology of congestive heart failure at a tertiary care hospital.
Rawal Med J Jan ;35(2):141-4.

Objective: To determine the frequency of various etiological factors responsible for causing congestive heart failure (CHF) in a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. Subjects and Method: This retrospective, observational, single center study was conducted in Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar from October 2009 to May 2010 and included 100 patients of CHF. After history and clinical examination, a diagnosis of CHF was established according to Framingham criteria. All patients had a 12 - leads electrocardiogram ( E C G ), echocardiogram and serial blood tests. Results: Out of 100 patients, 60% were male and 40% female with mean age of 54 years. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) was present in 35% of patients, hypertension in 27%, rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in 13%, cardiomyopathies in 11% and congenital heart disease in 6%. Conclusions: IHD, hypertension, valvular heart disease and cardiomyopathy were the major causes of CHF in our patients. (Rawal Med J 2010;35:141-144).

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