Shagufta Tahir, Shaheen Zafar, Savita Thontia.
Effect of various degrees of maternal hyperglycemia on fetal outcome.
J Surg Pak Jan ;16(2):61-6.

Objective To find out the effect of various degrees of maternal hyperglycemia on fetal outcome. Study design Comparative study. Place & Duration of study Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Liaquat National Hospital Karachi, from August 2007 to August 2009. Methodology Healthy pregnant women with no co-morbids attending antenatal clinic were subjected to glucose challenge test (GCT) with 50 gm load of glucose in their 2nd trimester of pregnancy regardless of previous meal. Patients with established type II diabetes mellitus and pregnancies with medical disorders were excluded from study. Patient data was collected on predesigned performa and analyzed on SPSS 15 version. Results A total of 228 antenatal women enrolled in the study. Higher rate of cesarean section were noted among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM-68%) as compared to 45.2% and 46.8% (p 0.009) with mild gestational hyperglycemia (MGH) and control groups. Normal babies in GDM were 44% (p<0.001) while neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions were significantly higher in GDM babies (54.7% p<0.001), as compared to other two groups. Rate of premature births in GDM mothers was higher than MGH and control. Gestational age of babies at birth for GDM was 36.4 ± 2.1 weeks as compared to MGH (38.1 ± 1.2 weeks) and control groups (37.8 ± 1.9 weeks). Conclusions The preponderance of maternal obesity, increasing maternal age and multiparity had strong association with the development of diabetes. In cases of unplanned pregnancies, the pre- pregnancy blood sugar levels are usually not known, therefore type II diabetes mellitus (DM) some times 1st diagnosed during pregnancy.

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