Mansoor Ahmed, Sanaullah Tareen, Muhammad Yaseen, Jamal Zafar, Aria Masoom.
Metabolic syndrome in non- diabetic first degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients.
Ann Pak Inst Med Sci Jan ;7(2):65-71.

Objective: To determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome among non-diabetic first degree relatives of type II diabetic patients attending Medical OPD and Diabetic clinic of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences and to compare the clinical features regarding metabolic syndrome among males and females. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and duration: Medical OPD and Diabetic clinic, Department of General Medicine, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad from February 2006 to January 2007. Materials and Methods: One hundred non-diabetic first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients attending the Medical OPD and Diabetic clinic and giving informed consent were included in the study. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire administered to those eligible to participate. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to ATP-III guidelines. Clinical and laboratory variable were statistically evaluated. Results: There were 100 participant with type 2 diabetes mellitus in whom 56% were men and 44% were women. Mean age was 33.69 (±SD10.82). By applying ATP-III diagnostic criteria, metabolic syndrome (those who had 3 or more risk factors) was found in 40% of study participants (p-value 0.001). 31% of study participant had a fasting blood glucose level above cut off value. Waist circumference was above cut off level in 56% of study participants (P-value 0.001). Two third, 69% participants had a HDL-cholesterol levels less then cut off values while significant number of study subjects (81%) had Body Mass Index (BMI)> 22.9kg/m2. Conclusion: Frequency of metabolic syndrome was significantly high in this study with preponderance of female, similar to that observed in developed countries. Majority of patients had obesity and low level of high-density lipoproteins (HDL)-cholesterol levels.

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