Navaid Qureshi, Tahir Ahmed, Zia Ghaffar, Tabassum Ahmed, Abrar Ali.
Clinical study of types of "refractive errors" at a tertiary care hospital.
Pak J Surg Jan ;28(3):226-8.

Objective: Evaluation of the diff erent variants & varieties of the most common symptoms in Ophthalmology. Study design: Prospective randomized Study. Setting Out-Patient Department of Ophthalmology, Hamdard University Hospital, Karachi. Duration: Period ranging from July, 2007 to January, 2008. Methodology: A total of 538 patients were examined and included in the study. They were of all age groups but mostly from 15 to 35 years of age, including both males and females. Results: Most common variant among these refractive error cases was Myopia with patients complaining of ‘defective vision for distance’ up to 311 patients (57.8%). This was followed by Hypermetropes (Hyperopes) as up to 101 (18.7%) & then so on to ‘astigmatic’ patients up to only 115 (21.3%). Conclusion: Majority of the refractive error cases are Myopias which can be easily corrected with ‘Meniscus Concave’ corrective (spectacle) lenses.

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