Samra Mazhar.
Health system preparedness: a rapid need assessment of flood in Pakistan in 2011.
Pak J Public Health Jan ;3(1):27-33.

Introduction: Pakistan has a disaster prone geography specifically vulnerable to floods and earthquakes. In 2011 massive floods affected 5.0 million people at 22 districts of Sindh province. Methods: A descriptive observational study is presented to explain the situation, in terms of health services available to the affected population. Results: Female head of household was the largest vulnerable group. Health facilities were accessible within one-two hours on foot or by cart. The supplies of essential medicines and vaccines were inadequate for the post flood period. EmOC services were attainable in 40% of health facilities. Supply of clean potable water was disrupted in whole of the affected area. Despite of a number of early warning alerts and outbreak reported; no major epidemic occurred. Conclusion: In wake of rapid climatic changes we identify a need of capacity building to manage such calamities. Restoration of affected health services and prevention and control of communicable disease should be the first step of response during floods. Outreach health workers and volunteers can play an important role by informing people about the risk of the on-going outbreaks. They can facilitate early referral of patients and promote preventive measures. DEWS, though well in place needs to be strengthened. Medical supplies and vaccines are mainly provided by the International Partners. Facility specific preparedness plans should be developed, which detail out standard operating procedures during floods and identify clear lines of command.

PakMediNet -Pakistan's largest Database of Pakistani Medical Journals - http://www.pakmedinet.com