Maimoona Ghias, Somia Iqtadar, Sajid Abaidullah.
Frequency of Low Calcium Intake, a Risk Factor for Development of Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Pakistani Women.
Pak J Med Health Sci Jan ;6(3):692-5.

Objective: To determine the frequency of low calcium intake as a risk factor for development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes in Pakistani women. Study design: Cross sectional survey. Place and duration of study: King Edward Medical University and Allied hospitals Lahore, from April 2010 till October 2010. Methodology: 450 type 2 diabetic women were enrolled and interviewed for daily calcium intake according to a predesigned questionnaire. Average daily calcium intake of the subjects was calculated using daily calcium calculator table. Results: Mean daily calcium intake of the patients was 787 mg/day. 167 (37%) patients had daily calcium intake less the 500mg , 173(38%) patients in the range of 500-999mg/day, 40(9%)patients in the rang of 1000-1499mg/day,59(13%) patients in the range of 1500-1999 mg/day, 9(2%) patients in the range of 2000-2499 mg/day and 2 patients in the rang of 2500-2999 mg/day. 366 (81%) patients had low calcium intake according to RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance) and 84 (18%) patients had normal calcium intake according to RDA. Conclusions: Average daily intake of calcium is low among type 2 diabetic females, in comparison to RDA and acts as a risk factor for development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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