Tariq Butt, Muhammad Luqman, Mirza Muhammad Dawood, Karamat Ahmed Karamat.
Is antibiotics susceptibility of Typhoid Salmonellae changing ?.
Pak Armed Forces Med J Jan ;50(1):2-5.

Typhoid fever is endemic in developing countries including Pakistan and emergence of multiresistant S.typhi and S.paratyphi A has added new dimension to the problem. The incidence of multiresistant typhoid salmonellae has increased over last few years. However, it appears that the typhoid salmonellae isolated at this hospital laboratory during last one year are revealing changing susceptibility pattern. A total of 140 strains of typhoid salmonellae (S.typhi, n= 102 and S.paratyphi A, n=38) isolated between January 1998 and December 1998 were studied. Agar dilution techniques was adopted using Mueller Hinton agar for determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ( MIC). Forty six (45.1%) S.typhi and 18 (47.37%) S.paratyphi A were found resistant to one or more than one conventional antityphoids (Chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole, ampicillin). MICs of all the three conventional antityphoids were very high for all the resistant strains of S.typhi and S.paratyphi A and all the strains had MICs of ofloxacin, ceftriaxone and cefotaxime with susceptible range. It appear that the susceptibility of S.typhi and S.paratyphi A against conventional antityphoids has increased . Avoidance of conventional antityphoids by general and clinical practitioners may have resulted in this change of susceptibility. More studies at different set ups are required to validate this observation.

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