Abdul Wajid Khan Faisal, Madiha Iqbal, Khalid Razaq Malik.
Spectrum of cardiovascular diseases at out patient department of a tertiary care hospital.
J Cardiovascular Dis Jan ;11(3):57-60.

OBJECTIVE: We need to know the prevalence of various heart diseases in order to allocate our resources and plan preventive strategies. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of various cardiovascular diseases in a cross section of our population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data was collected in July 2013 and February 2015. All adult patients were included and patients presenting to the pediatric department were excluded. Demographic data like age and gender were recorded for all patients. Patients were categorized as having Ischemic Heart disease (IHD), hypertension (HTN), valvular heart disease (VHD) or miscellaneous disorders (arrhythmia, non-ischemic cardiomyopathy or other rare cardiovascular diseases). Different diseases were diagnosed according to standard guideline based protocols. RESULTS: A total of 721 patients were studied; 54.64% (394) were males and 45.36% (327) were females. The mean age of the patients was 51.47±12.97 years. Overall, IHD was diagnosed in 404 (56%) patients; 254 (64.5%) males and 150 (45.9%) females. The second most common diagnosis was miscellaneous disorders which were seen in 21.5% and was equal in both sexes. More females were hypertensive and having valvular heart disease as compared to males (13.1% vs 8.6% and 15.9%vs 4.6% respectively). Patients with grown up congenital heart disease were 2.1% (2.4% females and 1.8% males). Different diseases were more likely to be seen in different age groups. CONCLUSION: Ischemic heart disease is the commonest cardiovascular disease and affects males more frequently; hypertension and valvular heart disease are the second commonest disorders and affect females preferentially. Miscellaneous and congenital disease patients are equal in both the sexes. Prevalence of valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease and miscellaneous cardiovascular diseases decreased over two years whereas ischemic heart disease and hypertension remained the same.

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