Syed Muhammad Ali Shah, Zamir Butt, Irfan Younis, Muhammad Afzal, Hamna Atta, Aqsa Nadir.
Etiology of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed At Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Teaching Hospital Gujrat.
Ann Pak Inst Med Sci Jan ;12(2):80-4.

Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is one of the important medical emergencies worldwide, accounting for high morbidity and mortality. The incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleed is reported to be ranging from 48 to 160 cases per 100,000 adults per year and mortality rate stable at 6-14% in most studies. The large discrepancies in etiology of upper gastrointestinal bleed in Pakistan and lack of adequate facilities necessitate to determine most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleed. Objective: To determine the causes of upper gastrointestinal bleed in patients presenting at Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Teaching Hospital Gujrat Materials and Methods: An observational study was conducted from Jan 2013 to September 2015 in Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Teaching Hospital Gujrat. All the patients who presented with heamatemesis or malena were resuscitated and upper GI endoscopy was performed and cause was identified. Data was collected using a performa. Causes of upper gastrointestinal bleed were identified by upper GI endoscopy. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Out of 412 patients the most common cause was variceal bleeding accounting for 64.2% followed by erosive gastritis in 15.4% and peptic ulcer disease in 10.5% of cases. No cause of bleeding was found in 3.2% of cases. Variceal bleed has high mortality (25.7%) as compared to non-variceal bleed (15.1%). Conclusion: Variceal bleed is most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleed due to high prevalence of chronic viral hepatitis and its complications followed by erosive gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.

PakMediNet -Pakistan's largest Database of Pakistani Medical Journals - http://www.pakmedinet.com