Amina Nadeem, Sadaf Mumtaz, Abdul Khaliq Naveed, Qaisar Mansoor, Muhammad Aslam, Muhammad Ismail.
Association of ADIPOQ C-11377G (rs266729), TNF-α G-308A (rs1800629) and TNF-α G-238A (rs361525) Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Pakistani Population.
J Coll Physicians Surg Pak Jan ;27(10):625-30.

Objective: To determine the frequencies of adiponectin (ADIPOQ) C-11377G, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) G-308A and TNF-α G-238A single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and their association with serum levels in Pakistani T2DM and healthy population. Study Design: Case control study. Place and Duration of Study: Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Army Medical College and Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, Islamabad, Pakistan, from June 2012 till 2014. Methodology: Cases (n=539) and controls (n=250) comprising of T2DM and healthy subjects, respectively, belonging to Pakistani Punjabi Rajput ethnicity were genotyped for SNPs. Serum adiponectin, TNF-α, insulin, blood sugar fasting (BSF), lipid profile, body mass index (BMI), and insulin resistance (IR) was determined and correlated with genotypes. Results: Serum TNF-α was significantly higher and adiponectin was lower in T2DM than healthy controls (p < 0.003 and 0.0001, respectively, Mann-Whitney U-test). The frequency of ADIPOQ CC, GC and GG was 340 (63.1%), 167 (31%) and 32 (5.9%) in T2DM patients. ADIPOQ -11377 SNP was not significantly associated with T2DM [OR = 1.116 (95% CI 0.81- 1.53), p = 0.27- Fisher's exact test]. Genotypes deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Minor alleles of TNF-α G-308A and TNF-α G-238A were not found in either groups. Conclusion: Frequency of ADIPOQ -11377 risk allele is low and does not functionally affect the serum adiponectin levels; hence, ADIPOQ C-11377G SNP is not a risk factor for T2DM in Pakistani Punjabi Rajput patients. Moreover, TNF-α G-308A and TNF-α G-238A SNPs are not prevalent in this ethnic group.

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