Usman Rashid, Usman Yaqub, Kasif Ashraf, Attia Bari.
Frequency of Various Forms of Tuberculosis (TB) and their Bacillus Calamette Guerin (BCG) Vaccination Status in Children.
Pak Paed J Jan ;38(3):173-8.

Objective: This study was planned to determine the frequency of various forms of tuberculosis and their BCG vaccination status in children. Study design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of study: Outpatient department of pediatric medicine (TB clinic) of Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child Health Lahore from 1st May 2012 to 30th October 2012. Patients and Methods: 350 patients of various forms of tuberculosis visiting the outpatient department (TB clinic) of Children’s Hospital, fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. Demographical profile including age, gender, and hospital registration numbers were recorded. Informed verbal consent was obtained from guardian of each child. Presence or absence of BCG scar was noted. Form of tuberculosis, pulmonary tuberculosis(fever more than 14 days, ESR> 50,sputum positive for AFB, X Ray findings), tuberculous meningitis (fever more than 14 days with focal neurological signs, CT findings as mentioned in inclusion criteria, CSF pleocytosis), tuberculous lymphadenitis (histopathalogical finding of TB on excision biopsy of lymph node), abdominal tuberculosis(fever more than 14 days, history of weight loss and anorexia, mesenteric lymphadenitis, biopsy of lesion suggestive of TB), were determined according to operational definition and patient were labeled as vaccinated and unvaccinated by presence or absence of BCG scar mark. Results: Among 350 patients enrolled four most prevalent types of TB were studied. Out of 350 cases 177 (50.6%) were of pulmonary tuberculosis, 72 cases (20.6%) were of tuberculous meningitis, 57 patients (16.3%) were of tuberculous lymphadenitis and 44 cases (12.6%) were of abdominal tuberculosis. Among 350 patients enrolled 168 patients (48.0%) were vaccinated (having BCG scar) and 182 patients (52%) were unvaccinated. In total 177 patients of pulmonary tuberculosis 109 (61.5%) were vaccinated (having BCG scar) and 68 patients (38.5%) were unvaccinated. In total 72 patients of tuberculous meningitis 21 patients (29.1%) were vaccinated and 51 patients (70.9%) were unvaccinated. In 57 patients of tuberculous lymphadenitis 28 patients (49.1%) were vaccinated and 29 patients (50.9%) were unvaccinated. There were total 44 patients were of abdominal tuberculosis, out of these 10 patients (22.7%) were vaccinated and 34 patients (77.3%) were unvaccinated.

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