Farzana Khan, Robina Usman, Shafaq Zafar, Shamaila Wadud.
Vitamin D Deficiency Of Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy.
J Postgrad Med Inst Jan ;31(2):196-8.

Objective: To determine the relationship of vitamin D deficiency with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methodology: This comparative study recruited one hundred cases from January to April 2012 from the Department of Endocrinology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar; 50 with DR and 50 without DR. Frequency of Vitamin D levels was assessed and compared between the groups. The data was analyzed using SPSS v.17 and to compare the groups, Chi square test was used. Results: Mean age of the cases with DR was 53.0 ±10.6 years and those without DR 54.0 ±8.5 years. Significant vitamin D deficiency was demonstrated in diabetics with any stage of retinopathy as compared to those without retinopathy. Among cases with non-proliferative retinopathy (NPDR) 41 (82%) had normal to low levels of vitamin D. In cases with PDR 9(18%) had normal to low levels of vitamin D levels. P-value was highly significant (p=0.001). Conclusion: Diabetics with retinopathy were found to have significal vitamin D deficiency as compared to those without retinopathy. As the DR increased, levels of vitamin D decreased.

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