Muhammad Irfan, Mifrah Rauf Sethi, Imran Khan, Naila Riaz Awan, Fauzia Naz, Urooj Saleem, Farooq Naeem.
Translation And Validation In Pashto (2): Bradford Somatic Inventory.
J Postgrad Med Inst Jan ;31(4):394-9.

Objective: To translate and validate the Bradford Somatic Inventory (BSI) in Pashto. Methodology: This study was conducted in Peshawar from July 2015 to January 2016 on 216 participants. The participants consisted of two groups; students (n=111), and patients (n=105) with a mean age of 21.8 ±5.6 years. Three bilingual experts, using forward-backward method, translated BSI from English to Pashto. Both, English and Pashto version of BSI were given to the participants separately. Pashto version of World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) was also given to find out its correlation with BSI. The data were analysed using SPSS v. 20. Results: The Pashto version of BSI had high discriminant validity as the tool discriminated well between both groups of participants indicating that disability scores were significantly higher in patients as compared to normal participants i.e., students (p value =0.000). The factorial validity of the Pashto version of BSI was found by using exploratory factor analysis, which showed a single factor with an Eigen value of 16.56. BSI had high concurrent validity as the results showed a significant positive correlation between English and Pashto versions of BSI (r =.877; p value =0.000). The Cronbach’s alpha value of the Pashto version of BSI was 0.96. There was a positive correlation between somatic symptoms (Pashto version of BSI) and perceived disabilities (WHODAS 2.0, p =.000). Conclusion: Pashto version of the BSI is a valid and reliable instrument to measure somatic symptoms and can be used in clinical settings as well as in community.

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