Farwa Rizvi, Zeeshan Hussain Khawaja, Nadir Mehmood, Sadia Zeeshan, Muhammad Afzal, Atif Baig.
Frequency and extent of Foot Lesion and the Susceptibility Pattern of Infective Organisms in Diabetic Foot.
Annals Punjab Med Coll Jan ;3(1):36-40.

Objective: To determine frequency and extent of foot lesion and the susceptibility pattern of infective organisms in Diabetic foot. Design: (Descriptive) cross sectional study. Place and duration of study: Surgical Unit –II Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi completed in 4 months (5 Feb.2008 to 5 June, 2008). Patients and methods: A total of 50 consecutive patients with diabetic foot lesions were assessed for angiopathy, neuropathy and extent of foot lesion. Necessary investigations including x-ray foot, pus for culture & sensitivity and fungal scraping were carried out. Results: 40% of total patients were insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) out of which 80% were on irregular treatment. 52% of total patients were non insulin dependent (NIDDM) out of which 73% were on irregular treatment and 8% of total patients were getting no treatment. Most of the infection were due to staphylococcus aureus (22%), pseudomonas (18%) Proteus (16%) E.Coli (12%) Streptococci(12%). Angiopathy was present in 62% patients and partial or complete sensory loss was present in 74% patients. 54% patients had Osteomyelitis. 61% patients had partial or complete sensory loss in Grade I, II, III and in (Grade IV&V), 100% patients had partial or complete sensory loss.  All the patients in Grade IV&V had random blood sugar values more than 200md/dl, showing poor glycaemic control. Conclusion: Diabetic foot lesions are more common in older age group, mostly in males and present in fairly advanced grades (Grade III, IV&V). Main contributing factors are sensory neuropathy, angiopathy, poor glycaemic control. Most common infecting organisms are staphylococci and pseudomonas.

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