Amna Shahzad, Wasim Akram, Rana Mozammil Shamsher Khan, Maria Butt.
Frequency of Depression among Heroin Abusers in Sialkot - a Cross-Sectional Study.
Pak J Med Health Sci Jan ;12(4):1693-5.

Aim: To find out the frequency of depression in patients abusing heroin. Study design: Cross-sectional Place and duration of study: This study was done on heroin abusers in AIMTH Sialkot during July 2018. Method: After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria 319 patients were eligible to be included in the study.Urdu version of BDI-II was administered. Demographic data sheet was compiled and results analyzed by SPSS 23. Results: Mean age of patients was 29.85 +/-11.38 years with a range from 18 to 62 years. Majority 148 (47.34%) were young and belonged to the age between 18 to 30 years. 117 (37.18%) were illiterate, 135(42.93%) had less than ten years of education. 157(50.11%) were unmarried. 206(65.70%) belonged to nuclear family while 108(34.30%) belonged to a joint or extended family. 80 (25.34%) lived in urban, 51(16.18%) in semi-urban and 89(28.48%) lived in rural areas. 94(30%) were homeless or lived on streets. Financial status was low in 122(39.13%) middle in 143(45.41%) and upper class in 49(15.46%) patients. Conclusion: Of the 314 patients who were included in the study 98(31.21%) were suffering from depression. The depressive illness was mild in 62(19.74%) patients. 22(7%) were having moderate depression. only 14(4.46%) of the patients were suffering from severe depression. 216(68.79%) had no depression when assessment was carried out.

PakMediNet -Pakistan's largest Database of Pakistani Medical Journals - http://www.pakmedinet.com