Theresa Thompson Chaudhry, Maha Khan.
Effects of birth order and son preference on utilization of pre- and post-natal health inputs in Punjab..
J Pak Med Assoc Jan ;70(1):110-5.

The study planned to determine the roles of birth order and son preference on receiving prenatal, delivery care, and postnatal child health inputs, using cross-sectional data collected by the Multiple Cluster Indicators Study Punjab related to year 2011 from all districts of the Punjab province of Pakistan. Prenatal inputs, safe delivery care, and total child health inputs fall with higher birth order of the child, though these trends are diminished when household socioeconomic controls are added. Prenatal inputs increase with maternal education, household head education, and household wealth. Postnatal inputs have a weaker relationship with both birth order and maternal education. Safe delivery care and total health inputs are higher for families without a prior-born son, demonstrating son-biased fertility stopping behaviours by families.

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