Rabia Hafeez, Rubina Hafeez.
Role of Ultrasound in First Trimester Vaginal Bleeding. Observational study at Tertiary Care Hospital.
Pak J Radiol Jan ;30(4):262-6.

Background : First trimester vaginal bleeding is the commonest presentation of early pregnancy loss and is a diagnostic challenge. This study highlights the importance of Ultrasound in diagnosis and management of various causes of this obstetric emergency. Methods : Observational study for period of six months done at Radiology department of GMC hospital Sukkur. All patients with vaginal bleeding in first trimester included in the study. Patients clinically evaluated and diagnosed were then referred to ultrasound examination. Both clinical and ultrasound findings were correlated. Results : In study of 150 patients it was observed that 105(70%) patients had non viable pregnancy diagnosed on ultrasound with 80(76%) patients showed various types of abortion including 32 patients(40%) as missed abortion, 28 patients (35%) as incomplete abortion, 12 patients (15%) as complete abortion, 8 patients (10%) as blighted ovum, other includes 15 patients (14%) patients had ectopic pregnancy and 10 patients (10%) had molar pregnancy. Among viable pregnancies 45 patients (30%) patients diagnosed as threatened abortion. Conclusion : Study concludes that ultrasound is a first line and non invasive imaging modality in diagnosis and management of patients with bleeding in first trimester. This study helps the clinician and sonologists in diagnosing cause of bleeding by applying various diagnostic parameters on ultrasound.

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