Samina Kemal, Midhat Kemal, Shazia Sultana, Rubina Hussain, Khasheaa Nadeem.
Effect of decreased amniotic fluid index on feto-maternal outcome.
Pak J Surg Jan ;37(2):135-40.

Objectives: Decrease of amniotic fluid is associated with adverse peri-natal outcomes. Objective of this study is to evaluate feto-maternal outcomes among mothers with decreased amniotic fluid index (oligohydramnios). Material and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study using non-probability consecutive sampling technique was carried out on pregnant mothers in-between 18-35 years of age having gestational age >24 months (with AFI of 5 cm or below) at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Zia Uddin University Hospital, Karachi (North Nazimabad campus) for a period of six months from 1st October 2019 till 31st March, 2020 . Mothers with pregnancy induced hypertension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, essential hypertension, renal disease or diabetes mellitus, known fetal anomaly and lost to follow up were excluded. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Chi-square test was applied to test significance between complications with decreased AFI and mode of delivery, keeping p-value <0.05 as significant. Results: From 250 pregnant mothers with mean age 25.94+-4.52 years, 199 (79.6%) booked case and 232 (92.8%) housewives. Spontaneous vaginal delivery was observed in 58 (23.2%), EMLSCS 93 (37.2%) and ELSCS 74 (29.6%). Fetal distress in 25 (26.8%) and low birth weight of <2.5 kg in 91 (36.4%) were most frequent maternal and perinatal complications. Apgar score<6 at 1 min was seen in 100 (40%) neonates at 5 min in 22 (8.8%). NICU admission was reported in 109 (43.6%). Significant difference of 0.017 was observed regarding association between complications and mode of delivery Conclusion: Risk for adverse maternal and fetal outcomes increased when amniotic fluid index decreased to below 5. Significant association was observed in terms of the complications due to AFI <5 and mode of delivery.

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