Abdul Sattar, Ahmad Fawad Khan, Khawaja Junaid Mustafa, Hafsa Khan.
Uropathogens and their Susceptibility to Common Antibiotics in Adult patients Presenting to the Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan.
South Asian J Emerg Med Jan ;2(2):29-36.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of uropathogens and their susceptibility patterns to deferent antibiotics in adult patients presenting to the emergency department with lower urinary tract symptoms so that treating physicians can identify common pathogens and select a reasonable empirical antibiotic if needed. METHODOLOGY: The study is a retrospective chart review conducted in the emergency department of Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan. All the patients diagnosed with urinary tract infection through dipstick in the emergency department whose urine cultures were positive were included in the study. The chart review was done from January, 2018 to December, 2018. RESULTS: Out of 203 patients with positive urine dipstick, whose cultures sent from emergency only 64(31.3%) samples showed significant bacterial yield. Most patients included in the study were above 50 years of age (79.7%) with a male predominance (males 36, females 28). The most common organisms isolated was E.coli 44 (68.8%) followed by Klebsiella spp. 09(14%) and Enterococcus spp. 03 (4.7 %) respectively. Antibiotics which were found most sensitive against pathogens in our study included Imipenem (78.1 %), Nitrofurantoin (76.6 %) and Fosfomycin (76.6 %) respectively. On the other hand both penicillin`s (Co-amoxiclave 80.8 %) and cephalosporin (Ce"xime 84.4%, Ceftazidime 78.1 %, and Ceftriaxone 81.2 %) were highly resistant to most of microbial growth. Moderately resistant antibiotics included Co-Trimoxazole (71.4%), Cipro#oxacin (73.4%) and Gentamicin (48.4%) respectively. A high prevalence of carbapenums resistance Imipenem (9.4%), was also observed in this study. CONCLUSION: Most uropathogens identified in patients presenting to the emergency department with urinary complains are sensitive to Fosfomycin, Nitrofurantoin, Gentamycin, and Imipenem which may be considered as empirical therapy in our settings.

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