Umar Farooq, Mazhar Ali Khan, Syed Muhammad Nasir, Salma Hameed, Nadia Ashiq, Hidayat Ullah Khan, Naveed Ullah, Ubaid Ullah.
Frequency and Risk factors responsible for Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Pak J Chest Med Jan ;26(2):85-93.

Background: Occurrence of Tuberculosis (TB) in the form Multidrug Resistant TB (MDR-TB) poses challenges to the health systems throughout the world. Familiarities with risk factors related to disease transmission and exact rate of disease can be used to decrease the infection rate and control of disease. Objective: Present study was conducted with the aims to find out rate and factors responsible for the occurrence of MDR- TB in a tertiary care hospital Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Methodology: This is a cross sectional descriptive study conducted at PMDT Unit, Lady Reading hospital Peshawar, Pakistan with time duration of six months form February 2018 to August 2018. Data of interest through special designed proforma were collected from all suspected cases visited this unit for their checkup. Data was then entered into Microsoft excel sheet and transferred into SPSS software for analyses purposes. Results: A total of 846 respondents were included in this study including 429 (50.7%) females and 417 (49.3%) males. Majority of the cases 455 (53.7%) were in most gainful age group of > 42 years. Urbanized population accounted for 411 (48.5%). Majority of the respondent lacked education and conjugal status indicated 592 (69.9%) of married participants. Our result found that association between uneducated participants were 69% more likely to contract MDRTB than those who were illiterate (OR = 1.693, 95% CI [.976-2.938], P = .059). Participants residing in urban areas have 60% lower chances of MDR-TB than rural once. Close contact of patients with MDR-TB has also showed association within increase and occurrence of disease. Conclusion: The patients of TB and MDR-TB are already suffered a lot by the myths and stigmas that surround the illness. It is highly recommended the community that only food and shelter is not enough, the patient required full support of family and colleagues need full guidance and counseling. Provide financial and practical support for the treatment of disease. All suspected cases with lower education level, residence of far flung areas and close contact of MDR-TB must nominated as special cases for disease occurrence and treated as special cases to stop and cut the chain of this disease.

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