Babar Yasin, Zakia Wahid, Adeel Haider, Maimona Tabbsum, Najam-ud Din.
Categorization of Histopathologic Subtypes of Lung Carcinomas using Immunohistochemistry in Small Biopsies at a Tertiary Care Diagnostic Center in Lahore.
J Sharif Med Dent Coll Jan ;9(1):8-12.

Objective: To determine the frequency and distribution of different histological subtypes of lung tumors in small biopsies submitted at a tertiary care diagnostic center in Lahore. Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. This study included all computed tomography (CT)/ultrasound-guided core needle biopsies of suspicious lung masses recorded from 2021-2022 at Aznostics - The Diagnostic Center, Lahore. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and informed consent was taken. Total 66 core needle biopsies were performed in radiologically detected lung, mediastinal, hilar, and pleural masses. Histopathological analysis was performed, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was done where required, and data was analyzed. Results: The study sample comprised of 66 cases, out of which 44(66.7%) were male patients and 22(33.3%) were female patients. The mean age was 64.4+/-13.34 years. The 51-75 year group constituted majority of the cases comprising 45(68.2%) cases. The male to female ratio was 2.5:1. Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) comprised of 51(77.3%) cases & it was the predominant malignancy. Adenocarcinoma comprised of 34(51.5%) cases, and it was the most common subtype in both genders. All 3(4.5%) cases of small cell carcinoma were in males. In females the dominant subtype was adenocarcinoma [14(63.7%)]. High expression of cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) was noted in adenocarcinoma and increased expression of p63 and p40 was seen in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Positive expression of synaptophysin was observed in 2 cases of small cell lung carcinoma. Conclusion: Lung carcinoma is more prevalent in males and adenocarcinoma is the most common histologic subtype followed by SCC and small cell carcinoma. Females present at a relatively younger age with adenocarcinoma being the predominant histologic subtype. Immunohistochemistry of CK7, TTF-1, p63, and p40 can be helpful to classify difficult cases of NSCLC. Keywords: Lung cancer. Immunohistochemistry. Molecular testing. Cytokeratin 7.

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