Muhammad Arif Afridi, Malik Mairaj Khalid, Imran Khan.
Diagnostic correlation of ultrasound and thyroid function tests in early thyroid diseases: a cross sectional study.
Northwest J Med Sci Jan ;2(4):3-7.

BACKGROUND: Thyroid disease is a growing problem in young people and adolescents. Ultrasonography (US) serves as an optimal imaging modality for thyroid gland evaluation due to its ease of use, cost-effectiveness, non-invasiveness, and absence of ionizing radiation. It is used for detecting the growth of lumps in the neck or adjacent structures and serves as a valuable tool for uncovering thyroid gland abnormalities and detecting lesions that cannot be felt manually alongside the use of thyroid function tests. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine if thyroid function tests (TFTs) and ultrasound characteristics are correlated in patients who report with palpable masses and neck swelling. This would allow for an evaluation of the usefulness of ultrasonography as a thyroid problem diagnostic tool. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study with 126 participants was carried out with an emphasis on symptomatic candidates who were 12 years of age or older. Participants had ultrasound exams and TFTs performed. Using standardized imaging techniques, ultrasound impressions were gathered, and the results were correlated with TFT reports. RESULTS: The results of the study showed that the TFT reports, and ultrasound characteristics had a very strong positive link (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.694, p < 0.01). Among 126 participants, 69.8% exhibited abnormal thyroid function. Ultrasound identified various thyroid pathologies, including nodules, hyperthyroidism, thyroiditis, Hashimoto's disease, cysts, goiter, and thyroid atrophy. CONCLUSION: The study underscores the clinical utility of ultrasound in diagnosing thyroid disorders. The strong correlation observed emphasizes ultrasound's complementary role in thyroid disease diagnosis. Integrating ultrasound into routine assessments can enhance diagnostic accuracy, enabling early intervention and personalized treatment plans. These insights advocate for a holistic approach to thyroid disease management, ensuring optimal outcomes and improved quality of life for affected individuals. KEYWORDS: Thyroid disorders, thyroid function tests, ultrasound, diagnosis, correlation.

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