Uzma Ansari, Muhammad Kashif Hanif, Athar Iqbal Paracha, Qurratulain, Amina Tariq, Sanam Haneef.
Comparing the effect of chronic hyperglycemia on intra ocular pressure in diabetic patients.
Pak J Pathol Jan ;33(4):119-23.

Objective: To compare the effect of chronic hyperglycemia on intra ocular pressure (IOP) in diabetic patients. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Pathology & Ophthalmology Departments of PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi from February to May 2022. A total of 215 patients of Diabetes Mellitus having age between 40 to 70 years were included. HbA1c was used to categorize patients into two groups. Good glycemic control group (HbA1c <7%) and Poor glycemic control group (HbA1c >7%). IOP (mmHg) of both eyes was measured in both groups by applanation tonometer. Median comparison of IOP in both groups was done by Mann-Whitney U-test. To determine correlation between HbA1c levels and IOP, Pearson correlation was applied. Results: Out of 210 patients 110(51.2%) patients had HbA1c < 7% while 105(48.8%) had HbA1c > 7%. Good glycemic control group had lower median IOP in both right (14.5 mmHg IQR 14-16) & left eye (15mmHg IQR 14-16) as compared to poor glycemic control group having median IOP in right eye (20mmHg IQR 19-22) & left eye (21 mmHg IQR 18-23). The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value <0.001). Pearson correlation showed a significant positive linear correlation between HbA1c and right eye IOP (r = 0.898, p value <0.01) and left eye IOP (r = 0.883, p value <0.01). Conclusion: Patients with poor glycemic control had higher IOP as compared to good glycemic control. Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with raised IOP in diabetics.

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