Talat Naheed, Nabeel Akbar, Naueen Akbar.
Frequency of Gallstones in patients of liver cirrhosis - a study in Lahore.
Pak J Med Sci Jan ;20(3):215-8.

Objective: To determine the frequency of gall stones amongst patients suffering from liver cirrhosis in a general medical ward of a teaching hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Design: Cross-sectional, clinical study. Setting: Hospital based study on patients who were admitted in a medical ward at Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan Subjects: One hundred adult cirrhotics of any age and either sex who presented with symptoms of chronic liver disease. Main outcome Measures: Gall stones. Results: Out of 100 patients, 50 were male and 50 female in the age range of 30-70 years with the mean of 45.0 ±10.95 years. Among them 31% had gall stones. Out of these 17/50 (34%) were females and 14/50 (28%) were males. There was also associated oedema of gall-bladder wall. Thirty out of the hundred patients were HbsAg reactive, 70/100 were Anti HCV reactive and 10 were positive for both HbsAg and Anti HCV. 70% of patients were in Pugh`s modification of Child criteria B and 30 % in class C and none in class A. Conclusion: Gall-stones are more frequent in patients suffering from chronic liver disease. They do not affect the survival, and most of the patients come to know about it incidentally when they are subjected to investigations. Ultrasonography is a good non-invasive tool for this purpose.

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