Manzoor Ali, Naseer Ahmad, Ummi Habiba.
Tearless Hemorrhoidectomy: an experience of Hemorrhoidectomy using caudal anesthesia in district Swat.
J Postgrad Med Inst Jan ;18(3):482-6.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the Results: and effectiveness of caudal anesthesia used for conventional open haemorrhoidectomy and compare the Results: with open haemorrhoidectomy done by general anesthesia. Material and Methods: This prospective study was carried out at the department of surgery, Saidu group of teaching hospitals, Swat and surgical department, Tehsil Headquarter hospital, Matta, Swat over a period of 18 months (April 2000-Sep 2001). Pre and postoperative data of 100 patients was studied to establish the effectiveness of caudal anesthesia. Group 1 included 50 patients operated under caudal anesthesia and group 2 included 50 patients operated under general anesthesia. Age range was between 30 and 70 years. Results: Postoperative bleeding, pain and constipation was less in patients who underwent haemorrhoidectomy with caudal anesthesia as compared with those who underwent general anesthesia. Conclusion: Caudal anesthesia is as effective as general anesthesia for haemorrhoidectomy. This does not have the hazards of general and spinal anesthesia and patients tolerate it very well.

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