Noor Ahmad Channa, Saifullah Jamro, Abdul Hameed Shaikh, Afroze Ramzan, Tarique.
A Primary Investigation for Diagnosis of Internal Urinary System Malformations.
J Surg Pak Jan ;6(2):6-8.

A prospective study, from January 1996 to December 1997, was carried out at the Nephrology unit of National Institute of Child Health (NICH), Karachi to determine the primary role of ultrasound investigation for Internal Urinary System Malformations (IUSM). Eighty cases 60 males and 20 females of 0-14 years age of IUSM confirmed on clinical and laboratory investigations were included. Forty-two cases were below 5 and 38 above 5 years of age. Ultrasound was diagnostic in most of the cases of pelviureteric junction obstruction (PUJO), hypoplastic, aplastic or dyplastic kidneys, posterior urethral values (PUS and juvenile nephronophthisis (JNN). It was suggestive in majority of the cases of VUR. However it was not diagnostic in vesico ureteric reflux (VUR), and missed some cases of VUR, PUV and duplex system.

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